Python Operators
Table Of Contents
- What Is A Python Operator?
- Types Of Python Operators.
- Arithmetic operators.
- Assignment operators.
- Comparison operators.
- Logical operators.
- Identity operators.
- Membership operators.
- Bitwise operators.
(1) What Is A Python Operator?
- Python Operators in general are used to perform operations on different values and variables.
- These are standard symbols used for the purpose of logical and arithmetic operations.
- Operators are the pillars of a program on which the logic is built in a specific programming language.
- In the example below, we use the + operator to add together two values:
Example
a = 30
b = 40
sum = a + b
print(sum)Output:
70(2) Types Of Python Operator?
- Arithmetic operators.
- Assignment operators.
- Comparison operators.
- Logical operators.
- Identity operators.
- Membership operators.
- Bitwise operators.
(3) Arithmetic Operator
- Arithmetic operators are used for doing mathematical operations on numeric values.
- The arithmetic operations are given in the below table.
Example
#Example-1
a = 8; b = 7
print(a+b)
#Example-2
c = 9; d = 5
print(c-d)
#Example-3
d = 5; e = 4
print(d*e)
#Example-4
f = 8; g = 4
print(f/g)
#Example-5
h = 7; i = 3
print(h%i)
#Example-6
j = 2; k = 5
print(j**k)
#Examlpe-7
l = 15; m = 2
print(l//m)Output:
15
4
20
2
1
32
7(4) Assignment Operator
- Assignment operators are used to assigning values to variables.
- The assignment operations are given in the below table.
Example
#Example-1
a = 5
a += 6
print(a)
#Example-2
b = 6
b -= 3
print(b)
#Example-3
c = 3
c *= 2
print(c)
#Example-4
d = 10
d /= 2
print(d)
#Example-5
e = 8
e %= 2
print(e)
#Example-6
f = 7
f //= 2
print(f)Output:
11
3
6
0
3(5) Comparison Operator
- Comparison operators are used to comparing two values.
- The Comparison operations are given in the below table.
Example
#Example-1
a = 5
b = 6
print(a==b)
#Example-2
c = 8
print(c != 6)
#Example-3
d = 10
e = 15
print(e > d)
#Example-4
f = 45
g = 14
print(g < f)
#Example-4
h = 7
i = 4
print(h>=i)
#Example-5
j = 4
k = 6
print(j <= k)Output:
False
True
True
True
True
True(6) Logical Operator
Logical operators are used to combining conditional statements like Logical AND, Logical OR, and Logical NOT operations.
- The Logical operations are given in the below table.
Example
#Example-1
a = 10
b = 15
if a<5 and b >5:
print('True')
else:
print('False')
#Example-2
c = 8
d = 7
if c<5 or d>5:
print('True')
else:
print('False')
#Example-3
e = 25
f = 45
if not(e>5 and f>5):
print('True')
else:
print('False')Output:
False
True
False(7) Identity Operators
- Identity operators compare the memory locations of two objects. Whether they are pointing to the same memory location or not.
- is and is not are the identity operators both are used to check if two values are located on the same part of the memory.
- Two variables that are equal do not imply that they are identical.
Example
x1 = 10
y1 = 10
x2 = 'World'
y2 = 'World'
x3 = [9,8,7]
y3 = [9,8,7]
print(x1 is not y1)
print(x2 is y2)
print(x3 is y3)Output:
False
True
FalseNote:
- Here, we see that x1 and y1 are integers of the same values, so they are equal as well as identical.
- The same is the case with x2 and y2 (strings).
- But x3 and y3 are lists. They are equal but not identical.
It is because the interpreter locates them separately in memory although they are equal.
(8) Membership Operators
- ‘in’ and ‘not in’ are the membership operators in Python.
- They are used to test whether a value or variable is found in a sequence (string, list, tuple, set, and dictionary).
- If the value is present in the data structure, then the resulting value is true otherwise it returns false.
- In a dictionary, we can only test for the presence of a key, not the value.
Example
x = 'Hello world'
y = {1:'a',2:'b'}
print('H' in x)
print('hello' not in x)
print(1 in y)
print('a' in y)Output:
True
True
True
False(9) Bitwise Operators
- Bitwise operators convert the values into binary format and do the operation.
- Bitwise operator works on bits and performs bit-by-bit operation, hence the name.
Example
a = 60
b = 13
#Binary Format
a = 0011 1100
b = 0000 1101
-----------------
a&b = 0000 1100
a|b = 0011 1101
a^b = 0011 0001
~a = 1100 0011
a << 2 = 240 (means 1111 0000)
a >> 2 = 15 (means 0000 1111)